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Introducing Go 1.20: Enhancements and Profile-Guided Optimization The release of Go 1.20 marks a significant step forward for the open-source programming language developed by Google, celebrated for its simplicity, robust concurrency support, and functional programming features. This new version, available for production use, introduces preview support for Profile-Guided Optimization (PGO), allowing developers to take advantage of enhanced compiler optimizations tailored to specific applications and workloads. The ability to utilize PGO is a notable advancement, as it leverages runtime profiling data to inform and refine the compilation process. Announced on February 1, Go 1.20 can be easily downloaded from the official…

Exploring Backpropagation and Gradient Descent in Neural Networks Artificial intelligence predominantly relies on neural networks, which have revolutionized the way machines learn and process information. In my previous articles, I discussed the fundamentals of neural networks and demonstrated how to build one using Java. Central to the effectiveness of these networks is their ability to learn from data through a process known as backpropagation, combined with an optimization technique called gradient descent. In this article, we’ll delve deeper into backpropagation and gradient descent, focusing on their implementation in Java. Backpropagation is a crucial algorithm in machine learning that enables neural…

Exploring Implicit and Explicit User-Defined Type Conversions in C# C# offers a fascinating feature that allows developers to create user-defined type conversions, specifically through implicit and explicit operators. This capability enables the conversion of one type to another, facilitating more intuitive interactions between different data types. Understanding how to utilize these conversion operators can significantly enhance your programming experience, leading to cleaner, more readable code and a more seamless integration of types within your applications. Implicit conversions allow for automatic type transitions without requiring a cast from the programmer. This is particularly beneficial when converting from a smaller or less…

Oracle’s recent shift to per-employee pricing for Java SE has sparked considerable debate within the tech community, with many expressing concerns over potentially elevated licensing costs. This updated pricing model charges based on the total number of employees within an organization, regardless of how many actually use Java. For companies of varying sizes, the model has raised questions about fairness, particularly as it includes contractors, part-time workers, and consultants in its employee count. As part of Oracle’s Java SE Universal Subscription program, launched on January 23, 2023, this new pricing approach begins at $15 per employee per month for organizations…

Exploring Programming Paradigms: The Case for Interactive Development and Literate Programming Programming is a versatile field with various paradigms, each offering distinct approaches to writing and managing code. One of the most productive methods is interactive programming, often facilitated through a REPL (Read-Eval-Print Loop). This paradigm allows developers to write snippets of code, test them immediately, and then transfer the successful code into a dedicated file. By providing instant feedback, interactive environments foster experimentation and rapid iteration, enabling programmers to refine their ideas on the fly. The roots of the REPL approach can be traced back to LISP development environments,…

Bjarne Stroustrup Defends C++ Amid NSA’s Safety Concerns Bjarne Stroustrup, the creator of C++, has recently found himself in the spotlight as he defends the programming language against criticisms stemming from a report issued by the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA). In a bulletin published in November 2022, the NSA recommended organizations shift away from C and C++ in favor of memory-safe languages. This recommendation underscores growing concerns about memory safety in software development, particularly as vulnerabilities continue to be a significant attack vector for cyber threats. In his response, Stroustrup emphasized the extensive efforts made over the years to…

The Renaissance of Server-Side Rendering in Front-End Development In the ever-evolving landscape of front-end development, JavaScript frameworks have dominated the conversation, leading to a constant influx of new tools that promise enhanced performance and user experiences. However, amidst this whirlwind of innovation, established frameworks like React and its derivatives, particularly Next.js, have remained steadfast leaders. At Sentry, our extensive data collection from millions of developers across the globe informs our understanding of industry trends. With a staggering 800 billion errors and transactions logged monthly, we can clearly see the prevailing preference for React-based frameworks. This article explores the resurgence of…

Artificial neural networks, a crucial element of deep learning, form a backbone of modern artificial intelligence. By building a neural network from scratch, you gain hands-on experience with its core mechanics. Here, we’ll walk through the steps to create and train a neural network using Java. If you’re new to the concept, artificial neural networks consist of layers of interconnected nodes or “neurons.” Each neuron processes input data through weighted connections and an activation function that determines the neuron’s output. This structure mimics the way neurons work in a biological brain, allowing the network to “learn” from data. Our example…

Python’s mantra that “everything is an object” holds especially true for custom classes, allowing developers to create objects with their own attributes and methods. Yet, crafting classes from scratch can require a significant amount of repetitive code, particularly when setting up instance attributes and standard methods like comparison operators, which often results in boilerplate that detracts from Python’s otherwise concise syntax. To tackle this, Python introduced dataclasses in version 3.7 (with a backport to 3.6). Dataclasses provide a streamlined approach to class creation, enabling developers to define classes with attributes and have Python handle much of the repetitive setup automatically.…

Using methods as arguments is less common than passing objects, yet it’s essential in C# for situations like event handling, where passing methods to other methods via delegates becomes useful. Delegates, essentially type-safe function pointers, enable us to reference and pass methods with specific signatures. This article explores the use of Action, Func, and Predicate delegates in C#, key types that simplify how we handle functions as parameters and improve code flexibility and readability. If you’re unfamiliar with delegates, they allow callbacks and event-driven programming by referencing methods with matching signatures. This type safety is ensured through the delegate keyword,…